# Large almost monochromatic subsets in hypergraphs

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Jacob Fox, Princeton University
Fine Hall 224

We show that for all $t$ and $\epsilon > 0$ there is a constant $c=c(t,\epsilon)>0$ such that every $t$-coloring of the triples of an $N$-element set contains a subset $S$ of size $c(log N)^{1/2}$ such that at least a $1-\epsilon$ fraction of the triples of $S$ have the same color. This result is tight up to the constant $c$ and answers an open question of Erdos and Hajnal from 1989 on discrepancy in hypergraphs. For $t > 3$ colors, it is known that there is a $t$-coloring of the triples of an $N$-element set whose largest monochromatic subset has cardinality only on the order of $log {log N}$. Thus, our result demonstrates that the maximum almost monochromatic subset that a $t$-coloring of the triples must contain is much larger than the corresponding monochromatic subset. This is in striking contrast with graphs, where these two quantities have the same order of magnitude. To prove our result, we obtain a new upper bound on the $t$-color Ramsey numbers of complete multipartite 3-uniform hypergraphs, which answers another open question of Erdos and Hajnal. Joint work with D. Conlon and B. Sudakov.